BAWANJAN BARUN
The Legacy of “Kar-Begar” Forced Labour in Kashmir, 1846-1947 An Idiom as a Historical Record In the Kashmiri language, the idiom ‘Bawanjan Barun’ survives not merely as a linguistic curiosity, but as a profound historical artifact. It is a phrase steeped in generations of trauma, preserving the memory of a state-sanctioned system of oppression. This monograph dissects…

